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2025 , Vol. 1 >Issue 3: 219 - 231

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s44275-025-00027-2

Original Article

Integrated plasmonic ruler using terahertz multi-BIC metasurface for digital biosensing

  • Qun Ren ,
  • Sheng Jia ,
  • Jingtong Li ,
  • Liu He ,
  • Yan Xu ,
  • Hao Huang ,
  • Xiaoman Wang ,
  • ZherYian Ooi ,
  • Yongshan Liang ,
  • Yaoyin Zhang ,
  • Hang Xu ,
  • Zhang Zhang ,
  • Jianwei You ,
  • Wei E. I. Sha ,
  • Jianquan Yao
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  • 1. School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China;
    2. Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis and Treatment, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300072, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China;
    4. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology, School of Microelectronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, China;
    5. School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Jiangsu, 215000, China;
    6. State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China;
    7. Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Electronic Devices and Smart Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China

Received date: 2024-09-09

  Revised date: 2025-01-02

  Accepted date: 2025-01-05

  Online published: 2025-03-04

Supported by

This work was financially sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (12104339, 62101078).

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Abstract

In recent years, continuous bound states in the continuum (BIC) have gained significant attention for their practical applications in optics, chip technology, and modern communication. Traditional approaches to realizing and analyzing BIC typically rely on magnetic dipole models, which have limitations in quantitative analysis and integration. This creates a gap in understanding how to efficiently harness BIC with higher Q-factors for enhanced performance in real-world applications, particularly in scenarios involving terahertz imaging and multi-channel communication. In this study, we introduce a novel approach using a metallic resonator model that leverages toroidal dipole moments to generate symmetry-protected BIC with high Q-factors. By systematically varying the asymmetry parameters of the metasurface, we gradually break its symmetry, achieving a transition from the BIC mode to the quasi-BIC mode and facilitating the gradual release of stored electromagnetic energy. Our theoretical analysis confirms the existence and generation of BIC, and experimental measurements of the transmission response spectrum validate these theoretical predictions. The results indicate that terahertz metasurface with high Q-factors can produce strong resonances at specific frequencies, enhancing resistance to electromagnetic interference and ensuring stable imaging quality in complex environments. Additionally, this study suggests the potential for an integrated plasmonic ruler to achieve high-resolution and efficient biological imaging. These findings bridge the gap by demonstrating how high Q-factor BIC can be effectively utilized for multi-channel terahertz dynamic imaging and biosensing applications. This advancement lays a new foundation for developing robust systems in multi-channel communication and biomedical sensing, offering significant potential for future technological and medical innovations.

Key words： BIC; Metasurface; Toroidal dipole moment; Anti-electromagnetic interference; Plasmonic ruler for biosensing

Cite this article

Qun Ren , Sheng Jia , Jingtong Li , Liu He , Yan Xu , Hao Huang , Xiaoman Wang , ZherYian Ooi , Yongshan Liang , Yaoyin Zhang , Hang Xu , Zhang Zhang , Jianwei You , Wei E. I. Sha , Jianquan Yao . Integrated plasmonic ruler using terahertz multi-BIC metasurface for digital biosensing[J]. Moore and More, 2025 , 1(3) : 219 -231 . DOI: 10.1007/s44275-025-00027-2

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